In an early study of 110 traditional cultures (barry et al., 1957) and more recent analyses of gender socialization in traditional cultures (banerjee, 2005; levine, 2008), boys were socialized to develop ____.
Studies investigating gender socialization in traditional cultures over time (1950s-present day) have found that boys are socialized to develop independence and toughness. Gender role socialization in traditional cultures largely sees women being socialized to be nurturing child bearers and homemakers, while men are socialized to be tough, independent and stoic breadwinners.
