Respuesta :
In the planetary model, there is a nucleus with protons and neutrons, surrounded by orbits with electrons. In the krypton representation, there are 84 subatomic particles inside the nucleus and 36 outside.
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The representation of an element includes a superior number that indicates the massic number, and an inferior number that indicates the atomic number.
We need to know that every atom is identified by its number of protons and neutrons. So,
Representation ⇒ ᵃ X ₀
Where
• X is the element
• a is representing the massic number, which is defined as the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons.
• z is the atomic number, which is the number of protons ⇒ represented as 0 above
In electrically neutral atoms, the number of protons equals the number of electrons. This means that the atomic number also indicates the number of electrons.
We will call n to the number of neutrons, which equals a - z
So, what you need to know is that
• Nº of protons = Atomic number → z
• Nº of neutrons = Massic number - Atomic number → n = a - z
• Nº of Electrons = Nº of protons = Atomic number → z
When representing these atom structures using the planetary model, there must be a nucleus surrounded by orbits.
In the nucleus there are protons and neutrons. In the orbits, there are electrons in different energetic levels.
• Nucleus → Protons + Neutrons → circle indicating number of P⁺ + N⁰
• Orbits → Around the nucleus → Following the energy levels
The energy levels indicate how many electrons, e⁻, maximum must be placed per level -orbit- → seven levels
In the exposed example, we have,
- Element ⇒ Krypton
- Atomic number, z ⇒ 36 ⇒ Nº of protons
- Massic number, a ⇒ 84 ⇒ Nº of neutrons + Nº protons
We know that the atomic number = number of protons = number of electrons, so
• Nº of neutrons = Massic number - Atomic number → 84 - 36 = 48
• Nº of Electrons = Nº of protons = Atomic number → 36
According to the framework, we might assume that in a planetary model representation, there are 84 subatomic particles inside the nucleus, and 36 subatomic particles outside.
• Inside the Nucleus → Protons + Neutrons → 48 + 36 = 84
• Outside the nucleus (Orbits) → Electrons → 36
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